Reuse of Fasteners: A Sustainable Solution in Modern Construction
Reusing fasteners is a practical and sustainable solution to reduce construction waste and environmental impact. As challenges exist in different
The Hidden Threat of Fastener Fatigue
Fastener fatigue is a phenomenon that occurs when a fastener undergoes repeated cycles of stress over time which is common
Dangers of Fastener Embrittlement
Understanding the threats that can risk the integrity of components in structures such as fastener embrittlement can lead to preventing
The Future of Smart Fasteners
The future of using smart fasteners in manufacturing, construction, and other industries has a bright potential to enhance the functionality
High-Performance Fasteners for Aerospace
As technology advances and materials continue to evolve, the aerospace industry rely on innovative fastener solutions to meet the growing
Fastener Testing and Quality Control
For some applications that require intricate and reliable fastener devices like automotive, aerospace, and construction, safety is a paramount detail
Stainless Steel Chemical Composition Table
| Category | ||||||||||||
| TYPE | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | Cu | N | Others | |
| 200 series austenite | D665A | ≤0.05 | ≤0.65 | 12.5-16.0 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 9.50-11.5 | ≤1.50 | – | ≤1.00 | ≤0.06 | – |
| D665B | ≤0.05 | ≤0.65 | 12.5-16.0 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 10.0-11.5 | ≤1.50 | – | ≤1.00 | ≤0.06 | – | |
| D666 | 0.05-0.10 | ≤0.65 | 11.5-13.5 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 13.0-15.0 | ≤1.50 | – | 1.50-2.00 | 0.10-0.20 | – | |
| D667 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.65 | 12.5-14.5 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 13.0-15.0 | 0.70-1.50 | – | 2.00-2.50 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| D668 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.65 | 15.0-16.0 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 11.0-12.5 | ≤1.50 | – | – | ≤0.06 | – | |
| D669 | 0.06-0.10 | ≤0.65 | 13.5-15.5 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 10.5-12.5 | ≤1.50 | – | 0.60-1.20 | ≤0.20 | – | |
| 200Cu | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | 10.5-12.5 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 13.0-14.0 | 1.50-2.00 | – | 2.00-2.50 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| 200Cu1 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | 11.5-13.5 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 14.0-15.0 | 1.10-1.50 | – | 1.60-2.00 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| 201Cu | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | 8.00-10.00 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 13.0-14.0 | 4.00-4.50 | – | 2.00-2.50 | ≤0.06 | – | |
| 201Cu1 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | 7.50-9.00 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 16.0-17.0 | 4.00-4.50 | – | 1.00-1.50 | 0.10-0.15 | – | |
| 201Cu3 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | 8.00-10.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 15.5-16.5 | 3.00-3.50 | – | 2.50-3.50 | ≤0.10 | – | |
| 202B | 0.10-0.15 | ≤0.75 | 8.50-10.00 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 17.0-18.0 | 4.50-5.00 | – | – | 0.20-0.30 | – | |
| 808B | 0.10-0.15 | ≤0.75 | 12.0-13.0 | ≤0.050 | ≤0.010 | 15.0-16.0 | 1.00-2.00 | – | 1.50-2.00 | 0.20-0.30 | – | |
| – | ||||||||||||
| 300 series austenite | 302HQ | ≤0.03 | ≤0.65 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.015 | 17.0-19.0 | 8.50-10.50 | – | 3.00-4.00 | ≤0.10 | – |
| 304ES | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | 2.50-3.50 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 16.0-17.0 | 6.00-7.00 | – | 1.80-2.50 | ≤0.10 | – | |
| 304DC | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.00-10.50 | – | 1.00-2.00 | – | ||
| S30400 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.030 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.00-11.00 | – | – | ≤0.10 | – | |
| 304B | ≤0.06 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-19.0 | 8.00-9.00 | – | 0.50-1.30 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| 304L | ≤0.03 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.030 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.00-11.00 | – | – | ≤0.10 | – | |
| 304H | 0.04-0.10 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.00-11.00 | – | ≤0.50 | ≤0.15 | – | |
| 304HC | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-19.0 | 8.00-9.00 | – | 2.00-3.00 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| 304HC1 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-19.0 | 8.00-9.00 | – | 1.00-2.00 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| 304HC2 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-19.0 | 8.00-9.00 | – | 1.80-2.30 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| 304HC3 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-19.0 | 8.00-9.00 | – | 3.00-4.00 | ≤0.08 | – | |
| 304M2 | ≤0.08 | ≤0.75 | 2.00-3.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.010 | 18.0-19.0 | 7.00-8.00 | – | ≤0.75 | 0.10-0.16 | – |